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Basic Concepts and Coverage Structure

What are the "Three Major Coverages" and "Three Minor Coverages"?

Three Major Coverages:

  1. Civil Liability (Third-Party Liability):
    Covers property damage to third parties.
  2. Collision (Perils of Collision):
    Covers damage to your vehicle in "at-fault" or "partially at-fault" collision accidents.
    Requires paying a deductible.
    If you're "not at fault," you typically don't pay the deductible.
    Maximum claim is the vehicle's market value (depreciated value) at the time of the accident.
  3. Comprehensive (Specified Perils):
    Covers vehicle damage from non-collision causes, primarily including: theft, vandalism, glass breakage, fire, flood, hail, etc.
    Also requires paying a deductible.

Three Minor Coverages (usually endorsements):

  1. Towing:
    Specifically refers to the cost of towing your vehicle to a repair shop after an accident.
    This differs from roadside assistance for vehicle breakdowns (e.g., out of gas, dead battery).
  2. Loss of Use (Rental Car):
    Coverage for a replacement vehicle while your car is being repaired after an accident.
    Usually has daily limits and maximum duration (e.g., not exceeding three months).
  3. Accident Benefits:
    Small supplemental payments for personal injuries in a car accident, for example, providing $2,000, $10,000, or $15,000 based on the level of injury, disability, or death.

This is general information only and does not constitute insurance advice. Your policy wording and a licensed broker's confirmation prevail.

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